Literature
- Humann, P. 1992. Reef Creature Identification - Florida Caribbean Bahamas, (ed. N. Deloach). New World Publications, Inc., Paramount Miller Graphics, Inc., Jacksonville, Florida.
- Van Name, W.G. 1921. Ascidians of the West Indian Region and Southeastern United States. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 44: 283-494.