Literature
- Humann, P. 1993. Reef Coral Identification - Florida Caribbean Bahamas, (ed. N. Deloach). New World Publications, Inc., Paramount Miller Graphics, Inc., Jacksonville, Florida.
- Roos, P.J. 1971. The shallow-water stony corals of the Netherlands Antilles. Studies on the fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean islands, 130.
- Voss, G.L. 1976. Seashore life of Florida and the Carribbean. Banyan Books, Inc. Miami, Florida.